| Hans Majestet Kongens Garde | |
|---|---|
Insignia of Hans Majestet Kongens Garde |
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| Active | November 1, 1856 –present |
| Country | Norway |
| Branch | Army |
| Type | Foot Guards |
| Role | Multi-Role Light Infantry Urban Warfare Public Duties |
| Size | c. 1100 conscripts 151 others |
| Part of | Hæren (Norwegian Army) |
| Garrison/HQ | Huseby leir, Oslo Terningmoen, Elverum |
| Nickname | Garden, the Black Devils |
| Motto | Alt for Kongen! (Everything for the King!) |
| March | Gammel jegermarsj (Old Hunter's March) |
| Mascot | (Nils Olav) King Penguin |
| Anniversaries | 10. April, 1. November |
| Engagements | Midtskogen, Lundehøgda |
| Commanders | |
| Commander of the Guard (Gardesjef) |
Lieutenant colonel Odd Andreas Søbstad |
| Ceremonial chief | HM The King |
Hans Majestet Kongens Garde (HMKG) (lit., His Majesty The King's Guard; the Royal Guards) is a battalion of the Norwegian Army. The battalion has two main roles; it serves as the Norwegian King's bodyguards, guarding the royal residences (the Royal Palace in Oslo, Bygdøy Kongsgård and Skaugum) and Akershus Fortress in Oslo, and is also the main infantry unit responsible for the defence of Oslo. The HMKG is in theory under the direct command of the King of Norway. This is rarely the real case, however, as the King of Norway has a symbolic role rather than a political role. The HMKG is located in Huseby leir in Oslo. Huseby leir is located on the old Oslo farm Nordre Huseby gård (Northern Huseby farm), which was acquired by the Norwegian government in the late 19th century.
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The first all-Norwegian unit of the royal guard of Sweden and Norway were a 38-man strong squadron of despatch riders from the Agerhusiske ridende Jægercorpses gevorbne Escadron, and its main function was to go as messengers between Stockholm and Christiania. By 1856 this service was obsolete, and the king decided to form a new Norwegian infantry company to be part of the guard. The Norwegian guards company was formally formed from members of the Norwegian Corps of Jäger, mainly from Stjørdal, on November 8. 1856 by King Oscar I, in order to underline his status as king of both Norway and Sweden. The company moved from Stockholm to Kristiania in 1888, where, in addition to its guards duties, it served as a trials unit. On Norway's independence in 1905, the company became the new guards unit for the King of Norway, Haakon VII and was increased to battalion size. The battalion served with distinction during the Second World War, where it prevented the Wehrmacht from capturing the Royal Family and the Cabinet at the Midtskogen Gård on 10 April. This gave the Guards its first battle honour. Later in the campaign, the Guards fought with distinction on Dovrefjell and at Lundehøgda, near Lillehammer, winning their second battle honour. During the campaign in central Norway they were known among the German soldiers who fought them as "die schwarzen teufel" or "the black devils", due to their ferocity and dark uniforms .
The HMKG is organized as a light infantry battalion of seven companies:
| KP1 | Oldest company, the only up until 1889. Rifle company, consisting of one company staff, two rifle platoons (infantry and Urban Warfare/MOUT), one escort platoon and one recon platoon. KP1 fought invading Wehrmacht forces in the battle for Midtskogen Gård in Elverum in April 1940. Motto: First and foremost (Først og fremst). | |
| KP2 | Established in 1889. Rifle company. Similar structure to KP 1 and KP 4. Participated in World War II. | |
| KP3 | The renowned band & drill company, participating in military tattoos all over the world. Consists of three platoons: Music, Drums and Bugles, and Drill. Motto: Rhythm, elegance, precision (Rytme, eleganse, presisjon). | |
| KP4 | Founded in June 1919 and is known as the Red Horde or the Fighting Fourth. Rifle company. Similar structure to KP 1 and KP 2. Participated with half a platoon during the skirmish at Lundehøgda in April 1940. | |
| KP5 | 5. Guard Company is the company that gets Guards wheels go round. The company supports the rest of the battalion with an variety of administrative and operational tasks, and are organized quite differently from other companies. The company consists of a medical platoon, mechanics, a maintenance platoon, a supplies platoon, Battalion support staff, and more. Motto: Style and strength (Stil og styrke). | |
| KP6 | The training school, training new recruits, located at Terningmoen in Elverum. | |
| KP7 | The training company, known as GBU - Grunnleggende Befalsutdanning or Elementary Officer Training. These soldiers become Sergeants after one year. |
Each of the rifle companies takes turns in carrying out guard duty at the royal residences in between other duties. The majority of Guardsmen are National Servicemen who are posted to the regiment after their basic training. On arriving at the battalion from basic training, they spend their first five weeks in ceaseless drill practice, hand-to-hand fighting, physical training, close range firing and case solving exercises before they are allowed to perform their first duties outside the royal palace or around the Royal Family's country residence.
The changing of the guard ceremony in front of The Palace takes place at 1330–1400 hours every day and is a popular event with tourists and the people of Oslo alike. The dark blue dress uniforms have remained virtually unchanged throughout the regiment's existence. One noteworthy detail of the uniform is the plumed bowler hat, which was copied from the hat of the Italian Bersaglieri troops—a regiment that so impressed the Swedish princess Louise (the great grandmother of HM King Harald V) that she insisted the Norwegian guards be similarly hatted in 1860. The regiment's cap badge is a rosette in the royal colours of Norway, with the monogram of the current monarch. In addition to performing guard duty, the Guards is also on parade whenever important state events take place in the capital. These include the annual opening of parliament by HM the King, visits by foreign heads of state, or anniversaries of major events in the history of the nation.
The regiment's official mascot is a King Penguin named Nils Olav, a resident of Edinburgh Zoo. The first penguin was adopted during the regiment's first participation in the Edinburgh Military Tattoo in 1961 and was given the rank of visekorporal (lance corporal). Nils Olav was promoted each time the King's Guard has returned to the Tattoo. In 1982 he was made corporal and was promoted to sergeant in 1987. Nils Olav died shortly after his promotion to sergeant, and his place of honour was taken by Nils Olav II, his two-year-old near-double. He was promoted in 1993 to the rank of regimental sergeant major. On August 18, 2005, he was promoted to Colonel-in-Chief.[1] Nils Olav was the first penguin to hold this rank in the Norwegian army. He was also awarded the Norwegian Army's Long Service and Good Conduct medal on that date.
The current mascot is Nils Olav II, who on 15 August 2008 was knighted[2] at a ceremony outside the zoo's penguin enclosure by British Major General Euan Loudon acting on behalf of Norway's King Harald V. Reuters reported that a detachment of the King's Guard in full dress uniform was reviewed by the penguin, who wore his new insignia on a badge strapped to one flipper.
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